The wheels on today’s vehicles are made of steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloy (a combination of two or more metals). Steel wheels are the least expensive to produce, which is why they come as original equipment on many passenger cars and light trucks. The center section includes the bolt circle, or mounting holes, and is [...]
Wheel Lug Nut Torque Clamping
Although proper wheel lug nut torque is important, it does not guarantee that the required clamping force will be achieved. For example, excessive corrosion on the wheel and hub mating surfaces will result in improper clamping force, even when the lugs are tightened with a calibrated torque wrench. Low clamping force can also occur if [...]
Wheel Attachment Hardware
For conditions noted below, also check condition of wheel stud holes. CAUTION: Proper lug nut torque is essential. Follow recommended torque specifications and tightening sequence. DO NOT lubricate threads unless specified by the vehicle manufacturer. Condition Code Procedure Bent A Require replacement. Broken A Require replacement. NOTE: Some manufacturers require replacement of all studs on [...]
Tires
WARNING: These guidelines do not apply to split rims. Replacing Tires When replacing tires, it is suggested that the replacement tires match or exceed the OEM speed rating designation. If tires of different speed rating designations are mixed on the same vehicle, the tires may vary in handling characteristics. Do not mix different speed rating [...]
Tire Rotation
The front tires on most vehicles tend to wear out faster than the rear tires. This is due to the effects of steering the vehicle and the weight transfer that occurs during braking. To ensure that all four tires wear evenly, it is important to rotate them on a regular basis. Tire rotation helps maintain [...]
Do Wheels Have to be Realigned When Struts Are Replaced
Do wheels have to be realigned when struts are replaced? Most of the time, but not always. It depends on the application. When a McPherson strut is replaced on a vehicle where the strut is an integral part of the suspension and it has provisions for camber and/or caster adjustments, the original wheel alignment settings [...]